German Idealism

Initially, the course presents the radical brake against the metaphysical traditions of Rationalism and Empiricism brought about by Kant’s transcendental philosophy in the Critique of Pure Reason. Conceptual significance of Kopernik’s Turn for the justification of cognition, its consequences for other philosophical domains, especially for the notion of self-consciousness. Arguments against the metaphysics and the need to develop new models of rationality. Jacobi’s anti-philosophical critique of philosophy in the Quarrel of Spinozism. The structure of Jacobi’s argument against Kant and philosophy in general. The new task of philosophy. Substance as subject.
Justification of knowledge and the invention of new models of rationality after Kant. Reinhold and Maimon. Fichte’s Wissenschaftslehre (Thathandlung, I, denunciation of the reflexive model of self-consciousness, the role intersubjectivity). Schelling’s Philosophy of Identity (the concept of the absolute, the finite and the infinite, the reflex of the absolute, the transcendental intuition). Hegel’s Speculative Idealism (philosophy as a consequent nihilism, concept of the negative relation to itself, concept of the spirit, of the concept, reflection and speculation, understanding and reason, contradiction, notion of the logic of content etc.); the project of the Phenomenology of Spirit.
The influence of Classical German Philosophy on the contemporary postmetaphysical models of rationality and the contemporary philosophy in general.